 Brazil off to bad start on Paris climate deal: watchdog Rio De Janeiro (AFP) Nov 6, 2020 - Brazil's carbon emissions surged last year because of rising deforestation in the Amazon, jeopardizing the country's commitments under the Paris climate accord, an environmental group warned Friday. The South American country spewed a total of 2.17 billion tonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere in 2019, an increase of 9.6 percent from 2018, said the Brazilian Climate Observatory, a coalition of environmental organizations. That coincided with the first year in office for President Jair Bolsonaro, a far-right climate-change skeptic who has presided over a sharp increase in deforestation and wild fires in the Amazon. The world's biggest rainforest is a vital resource in the fight against climate change, as its trees suck carbon from the air. But when they are felled and burned, they release it back. "The growth in (Brazil's) emissions last year was driven by deforestation in the Amazon, which surged," the Climate Observatory said in a report. It said 72 percent of the country's emissions were caused by agriculture and land use, including deforestation, which rose 85 percent last year. Under the 2015 Paris accord, Brazil agreed to cut its emissions by 37 percent from 2005 levels by 2025. But last year's emissions came in 17 percent over target, the Climate Observatory said. It said the country was also on track to miss a 2010 commitment to cut emissions by at least 36.8 percent by the end of 2020. The actual figure will come in nine percent higher, it said. "Our 2020 goal was easy to reach. We were only going to miss it if there was a tragedy. And that's exactly what's happening," said Climate Observatory executive secretary Marcio Astrini. The report came as Vice President Hamilton Mourao, the head of Bolsonaro's task force on the Amazon, led foreign ambassadors on a three-day visit to the region in a bid to improve the government's international image on the environment. "We want them to see it with their own eyes... and draw their own conclusions," said Mourao. But environmental groups condemned the trip as a whitewash. "They are flying on a route that's strategically planned to hide the evidence of the destruction of the forest, even as deforestation and wild fires are at a 10-year high," Greenpeace said in a statement.
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US President-elect Joe Biden's victory is a loss for the man known as the "Tropical Trump," Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro, whose fervent endorsement of the Republican incumbent leaves him isolated abroad and vulnerable at home, analysts say.
As congratulations from world leaders for Biden poured in Saturday, Bolsonaro's silence spoke volumes.
Elected in 2018 and up for reelection himself in 2022, Bolsonaro modeled his political rise on Trump's, and openly admires him.
Known for their shared knack for social media rants and riling up their conservative bases, he and Trump are two of the most visible faces of the new brand of right-wing populist politics that surged onto the world scene four years ago.
Bolsonaro, a 65-year-old former army captain, has actively promoted the comparison.
He has sought to cultivate a close relationship with Trump, to the point of breaking with Brazilian diplomatic tradition and openly endorsing the Republican billionaire's reelection bid.
True to the confrontational style he and Trump share, Bolsonaro also clashed with Biden during the presidential race.
When Biden said during his first debate with Trump that the United States needed to push Brazil to better protect the Amazon rainforest, Bolsonaro called the statement "disastrous."
"What a shame, Mr John Biden!" he said, mistaking the former vice president's first name in the English version of his tweet.
All that could make for an awkward relationship with the Biden administration.
Biden is particularly concerned with the fight against global warming, a touchy subject for Bolsonaro, a climate change skeptic who has presided over a surge in deforestation and wildfires in the Amazon.
Trump's loss also leaves Bolsonaro -- now arguably the most visible face of the new right worldwide -- more exposed to international criticism and pressure.
"Trump's loss weakens Bolsonaro. It makes him look more isolated," said Brian Winter, vice president of the Americas Society/Council of the Americas.
"It means more negative attention on Bolsonaro, who will suddenly become the face of a certain brand of right wing politics. It will call more attention to his actions in the Amazon.
"In a nutshell, there's a chance that Bolsonaro becomes the world's bogeyman for a certain portion of global opinion."
And while Bolsonaro may not care what Biden or the rest of the world think of his administration, there are key players in Brazil that do.
"To a lot of Brazilian companies, (the risk) is very clear. If Brazil becomes a pariah... that's bad for business, in a country that cannot afford to be losing clients, given where the economy is," Winter told AFP, referring to forecasts that coronavirus-battered Brazil faces a record recession this year.
- 'Can't help himself' -
Bolsonaro proudly claims to have brought Brazil's relations with the United States, its second-biggest trading partner after China, closer than any time in recent history.
So why risk a rocky relationship with the next US president?
"There's not a lot of strategy there. It's more like he can't help himself. He feels the need to demonstrate this constant support for Trump," said Cristina Pecequilo, a professor of international relations at the Federal University of Sao Paulo.
"It's about the personal dynamic between Bolsonaro and Trump" -- though Bolsonaro's Trump fandom sometimes looks unreciprocated, she added.
Bolsonaro will likely have to seek a relationship of pragmatic cordiality with the Biden administration, said Paulo Sotero of the Brazil Institute at the Wilson Center in Washington.
"It will take a lot of work to establish dialogue," he said.
"He should clearly move fast to change some key personnel," notably controversial Environment Minister Ricardo Salles, he added.
The Biden administration will for its part have an interest in keeping Brazil as a partner, on issues ranging from the environment to Venezuela to China.
And although the hashtag #BolsonaroIsNext was trending on Twitter in Brazil after Trump's loss, it would be a mistake to underestimate Bolsonaro's strength at home.
His poll numbers are strong. And having emulated Trump's rise, he no longer needs the "air of legitimacy" the US president gave him, said Winter.
"One of the lessons likely to come out of 2020 is that just because Trump lost, that brand of politics is not going to go away," he said.
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