The Soyuz-2 rocket was left stranded for the second time at the Plesetsk space center in northwestern Russia, news reports said, delivering a new blow to Russia's cash-strapped space system.
The rocket, meant to deliver military and commercial satellites into orbit, was first due to be launched on October 29.
Entirely Russian-built, it was also due to be launched from French Guiana, but only for commercial use, Russian news reports said.
There was no immediate information on when it may be test-fired again.
The launch was initially due to be overseen by Russian Defense Minister Sergei Ivanov and Russian Economic Development and Trade Minister German Gref.