Thousands of suspected jihadists and their families, including foreigners, have been held in detention centres and camps in Syria since IS's defeat in 2019 at the hands of Kurdish-led forces backed by a US-led coalition.

The US military said Wednesday it had launched an operation to move several thousand IS prisoners from Syria to Iraq, as Syrian government forces moved on facilities long secured by Kurdish-led forces in Syria.

"The Iraqi judiciary will begin standard legal proceedings against the defendants who are received and placed in the relevant correctional institutions," Iraq's Supreme Judicial Council said.

"All suspects, regardless of their nationalities or ranks within the terrorist organisation, are subject exclusively to the authority of the Iraqi judiciary, and our judicial procedures will be applied to them all without exception," it added.

Of the 7,000 IS detainees the US military aims to transfer from Syria to Iraq, the government in Baghdad has so far confirmed the arrival of 150.

US Secretary of State Marco Rubio in a statement said that "non-Iraqi terrorists will be in Iraq temporarily", he said, urging other countries to "take responsibility and repatriate their citizens in these facilities to face justice".

"The United States appreciates the Iraqi government's leadership and supports this bold initiative to ensure that ISIS terrorists cannot roam freely throughout the region," he added, using another acronym for IS.

- 'Constructive' -

In neighbouring Syria, government forces have taken control of swathes of formerly Kurdish-held territory in the north and east.

A deal struck over the weekend between the two sides will see the Kurds' administration integrated into the state, while the government will take responsibility for IS prisoners.

Syrian President Ahmed al-Sharaa had been scheduled to attend the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, on Thursday.

But a foreign ministry official told AFP that he chose to remain in Syria to follow negotiations with the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces and monitor developments in the northeast.

In Erbil, US envoy Tom Barrack met SDF leader Mazloum Abdi and senior Kurdish official Elham Ahmad, the presidency of the autonomous northern Kurdistan region of Iraq said.

Barrack posted on X Washington's "strong support for and commitment to advancing the integration process outlined in the January 18 agreement between the Syrian Democratic Forces and the Syrian government".

Abdi said Thursday's meeting also involved Admiral Brad Cooper, head of the US military's Central Command, and was "productive and constructive".

"We will diligently and with all our capabilities work to achieve genuine integration and maintain the current ceasefire," he said on X.

Meanwhile after the clashes between government forces and the Syrian Kurds, more than 134,000 people have been displaced in northeast Syria, the United Nations migration agency said Thursday.

In the past three days, the number of internally displaced people in Hasakeh province "has increased to approximately 134,803 individuals" compared to 5,725 recorded on Sunday, the International Organization for Migration said in a statement.

- Life, death sentences -

At the height of its power, IS held swathes of Syria and Iraq, subjecting populations on both sides of the border to a horrific regime characterised by mass death, sexual slavery of women and girls, and punishment for any dissent.

Iraqi courts have handed down hundreds of death sentences and life terms to people convicted of terrorism offences, including hundreds of foreign fighters -- some caught in Syria and transferred across the border.

In 2019, the courts sentenced 11 French nationals to death. Their sentences were later commuted to life in prison, according to a judicial source.

In September, Iraqi intelligence services were questioning 47 French nationals transferred from Syrian Kurdish custody over their alleged involvement in IS crimes committed in Iraq.

Some human rights groups have denounced "terrorism" trials in Iraq as rushed.

The country still has mass graves and many personal testimonies of IS brutality to be investigated.

In 2024, after a mission of the UN body investigating IS crimes ended, Iraq created the National Centre for International Judicial Cooperation to gather evidence and document IS crimes.

The centre is the main point of contact for foreign jurisdictions investigating alleged offences.

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