Since April 2023, Sudan has been engulfed in a conflict between the army and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) that has killed tens of thousands, displaced 11 million people and triggered one of the world's worst humanitarian crises.

"This war is ugly. It's bloody and it's senseless," Volker Turk told the UN Human Rights Council, blaming both warring sides, which have so far rejected any form of humanitarian truce. He also blamed foreign sponsors funding what he called a "high-tech" conflict.

"In 2025, my office's documentation points to an over two and a half times increase in killings of civilians compared with the previous year. Many thousands are still missing or unidentified," Turk said.

He condemned what he called the "heinous and ruthless" brutalities committed, including sexual violence, summary executions and arbitrary detentions.

Turk highlighted "carnage" inflicted by the RSF during an attack on the Zamzam displacement camp in April, and again in October in El-Fasher, which was the army's last foothold in western Darfur.

Sexual violence, including rape, gang rape, sexual torture and slavery, has also surged, Turk said, with more than 500 victims documented in 2025.

"The bodies of Sudanese women and girls have been weaponised to terrorise communities."

He added that he is "extremely worried these crimes may be repeated".

- 'Madness' -

Since the fall of El-Fasher, the fighting has moved deeper into neighbouring Kordofan where drone strikes have killed dozens at a time.

Turk said both the army and the RSF continued to use "explosive weapons in densely populated areas, often without warning -- showing utter disregard for human life".

Turk highlighted the "increased use of advanced long-range drones", which has "expanded harm to civilians in areas far from the front lines that were previously peaceful".

Since January, escalating drone strikes in the southern Kordofan region and beyond have "killed or injured nearly 600 civilians", Turk said, including in attacks on humanitarian aid convoys.

Turk voiced concern over "the growing militarisation of society", including the recruitment of children and young people into the fighting.

He asked how those driving or benefiting from "this madness -- both inside and outside the country", could sleep at night.

Several countries have been accused of involvement in the conflict.

The United Arab Emirates has been accused of arming the RSF -- allegations it denies. Egypt, Iran, Turkey and Saudi Arabia have backed army chief Abdel Fattah al-Burhan.

Turk urged "diplomatic and political pressure" to push the parties towards a humanitarian truce that leads to a permanent ceasefire.

Efforts to secure a ceasefire have repeatedly collapsed.

Burhan vowed this week to fight "until the end" and said he plans to build a "smart army" investing in technology and research.

In January, a government source told AFP the army was studying a new ceasefire proposal from the United States and Saudi Arabia.

Talks mediated by the Quad -- the US, UAE, Saudi Arabia and Egypt -- have stalled for months, with Burhan accusing mediators of favouring the UAE.