Chinese President Xi Jinping is expected to sign some 20 bilateral deals with Serbia during a visit that began Friday, as Belgrade aims to make China one of its main economic partners.

The three-day visit is the first by a Chinese president since the breakup of the former communist Yugoslavia in the 1990s.

Beijing and Belgrade in 2009 signed a "strategic partnership" aimed at strengthening bilateral cooperation on economic, cultural, educational and other matters.

In 2015 bilateral trade was worth $1.56 billion (1.38 billion euros), more than 90 percent of which was in favour of China.

Serbia hopes to become a gateway for Chinese moves into the Balkans and beyond.

China wants to facilitate transport of its products into Europe by participating in infrastructure projects in southeastern Europe.

Xi Jinping arrived in Belgrade two months after HBIS, the world's third-biggest steel producer, bought Serbia's sole steel mill and largest exporter Zelezara Smederevo for 46 million euros ($52 million). He is to visit the plant on Sunday.

Some 20 bilateral agreements are expected to be signed during the visit, including one reinforcing the 2009 strategic partnership, according to Serbian media.

China does not recognise Kosovo, the former Serbian province that unilaterally declared independence in 2008 despite Belgrade's opposition.

Upon his arrival Xi Jinping attended a ceremony marking the start of construction of a Chinese cultural centre at the site of the former Chinese embassy hit by US-led NATO aircraft during the 1999 bombing campaign against Serbia over its war with ethnic Albanians in Kosovo.

Three people were killed in the incident that seriously strained relations between Washington and Bejing at the time.

The Chinese president will also attend the inauguration of a monument to Chinese philosopher Confucius.

The visit to Serbia is part of a three-nation tour that will also take him Poland and Uzbekistan.