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NUKEWARS
New N. Korea constitution proclaims nuclear status
by Staff Writers
Seoul (AFP) May 31, 2012


S. Korea police arrest two for spying for North
Seoul (AFP) May 31, 2012 - Two people including a Korean businessman in New Zealand have been arrested on suspicion of collecting intelligence on military equipment for North Korea, police said Thursday.

The pair, arrested in early May, were a 74-year-old man identified only as Lee, and Kim, 56, who acquired New Zealand citizenship and was involved in trading with North Korea.

Lee was sentenced to life in prison on espionage charges in 1972 and was released on parole in 1990, but still retains allegiance to Pyongyang, police said in a statement.

The two had collected information on military equipment and devices capable of disturbing global positioning system (GPS) signals, an investigator told AFP on condition of anonymity.

They also met a suspected North Korean agent last July in China's northeastern border city of Dandong, he said.

"We have secured evidence to prove they collected intelligence on sensitive military equipment, but it's not clear whether they have actually passed the information to the suspected agent," he said.

The South periodically detains people accused of spying for its communist neighbour.

Espionage can carry a maximum penalty of death in the South, although no one has been executed for any crime since 1997.

The latest case followed Seoul's accusations that Pyongyang had transmitted signals designed to jam GPS systems of hundreds of civilian aircraft and ships in South Korea from April 28 to May 13.

Seoul said the signals originated from the North's border city of Kaesong, forcing sea and air traffic to use other navigational equipment to avoid compromising safety.

The North rejected the South's accusations as "sheer fabrication" aimed at slandering the communist state.

The GPS jamming incident came at a time of high cross-border tensions.

The North has threatened "sacred war" against the South in retaliation for perceived insults during Pyongyang's commemoration in April of the centenary of the birth of founding leader Kim Il-Sung.

North Korea's new constitution proclaims its status as a nuclear-armed nation, complicating international efforts to persuade Pyongyang to abandon atomic weapons, analysts said Thursday.

An official website seen late Wednesday released the text of the constitution following its revision during a parliamentary session on April 13.

"National Defence Commission chairman Kim Jong-Il turned our fatherland into an invincible state of political ideology, a nuclear-armed state and an indomitable military power, paving the ground for the construction of a strong and prosperous nation," says part of the preamble.

The text was carried by the "Naenara" (My Nation) website.

The previous constitution, last revised on April 9, 2010, did not carry the term "nuclear-armed state".

Following Kim Jong-Il's death last December, the country revised the charter to consecrate achievements of the late leader, who was succeeded by his son Kim Jong-Un.

The North has been developing nuclear weapons for decades. Its official position has been that it needs them for self-defence against a US nuclear threat, but that it is willing in principle to scrap the atomic weaponry.

Under a September 2005 deal reached during six-nation negotiations, Pyongyang agreed to dismantle its nuclear programmes in return for economic and diplomatic benefits and security guarantees.

But six-party talks on implementing the deal have been stalled since December 2008. The North has staged two nuclear tests, in 2006 and 2009.

"This makes it clear that the North has little intention of giving up nuclear programmes under any circumstances," Cheon Sung-Whun of the state Korea Institute for National Unification told AFP.

"If there is a demand at the negotiation table to give up nuclear weapons, the North Koreans would say it would be a breach of the constitution," he said.

North Korea has long been in confrontation with the United States and its allies over its nuclear and missile programmes.

Its April 13 long-range rocket launch, purportedly a peaceful mission to put a satellite into orbit, further dimmed prospects for a diplomatic settlement.

The revised constitution "is certainly bad news for participants in the six-party talks", said Professor Kim Keun-Sik at Kyungnam University in Changwon.

"It will make it harder to persuade the North to give up nuclear weapons through diplomacy."

But Kim cautioned against reading too much into what was intended as part of a eulogy for Kim Jong-Il.

"The North has been touting its nuclear status as one of the key achievements accredited to the late leader and the new constitution factors this in," he said.

"This can hardly be interpreted as a message that it will stick to its nuclear weapons no matter what."

Kim also said the North's constitution can easily be amended once its ruler decides to do so, noting it was revised twice in as many years.

The six-party talks which began in 2003 are chaired by China and also include the two Koreas, the United States, Russia and Japan.

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