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 by Brooks Hays Washington (UPI) Apr 19, 2019
Researchers have discovered that the addition of a rare earth metal significantly improves the performance of piezoelectric crystals. Piezoelectric crystals are used in sensors, including underwater sonars and medical ultrasound imaging devices. These technologies use perovskite oxide crystals, or PMN-PT crystals. Scientists have also tried to use piezoelectric crystals, which convert mechanical oscillations into electricity, to power wearable electronics and other types of novel technologies. An international team of scientists from Australia, China and the United States found a way to improve the performance of PMN-PT crystals. Scientists added samarium atoms during the crystal growth process -- one samarium atom per thousand atoms of the parent crystal -- and found the additive created more homogeneous piezoelectric properties inside the crystal, boosting the crystal's performance. The piezoelectric coefficient, quantified in picocoulombs per Newton, describes the efficiency of a material's piezoelectric properties. More efficient piezoelectric crystals do more with less. In lab tests, scientists confirmed that conventional PMN-PT crystals feature a piezoelectric coefficient between 1,200 and 2,500 pC/N. PMN-PT crystals enhanced with samarium produced 3,400 to 4,100 pC/N. Scientists also noted that the addition of samarium granted the crystals more uniform, or homogeneous, physical properties. "These crystals are ideal for a variety of sensing applications and could reduce cost by eliminating waste," researchers wrote in their study, published this week in the journal Science.
New discovery makes fast-charging, better performing lithium-ion batteries possible Troy NY (SPX) Apr 17, 2019 Creating a lithium-ion battery that can charge in a matter of minutes but still operate at a high capacity is possible, according to research from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute just published in Nature Communications. This development has the potential to improve battery performance for consumer electronics, solar grid storage, and electric vehicles. A lithium-ion battery charges and discharges as lithium ions move between two electrodes, called an anode and a cathode. In a traditional lithium- ... read more
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