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French forces kill IS Sahel jihadist leader wanted by US
By Laurence BENHAMOU
Paris (AFP) Sept 16, 2021

Morocco names new army commander
Rabat (AFP) Sept 15, 2021 - Morocco's King Mohammed VI on Wednesday appointed a prominent general in charge of operations in the disputed Western Sahara as his deputy in command of the armed forces.

King Mohammed, who is supreme commander of the North African country's military, "named Lieutenant General Belkhir El-Farouk as Inspector General of the Royal Armed Forces," said a statement carried by the official MAP news agency.

El-Farouk "was selected for this post in light of his professional abilities and the high level of responsibility he has shown in the various missions with which he has been charged," it said.

He "will continue to carry out his mission as commander of the southern zone", it said, referring to an area which covers the Western Sahara.

Morocco sees the former Spanish colony as an integral part of its territory, but the armed Polisario movement, backed by the kingdom's arch-rival Algeria, seeks an independence referendum there.

Tensions rose sharply in November after the separatists blocked a key road in the Guerguerat area leading to neighbouring Mauritania, arguing it violated a 1991 ceasefire deal.

El Farouk commanded an operation sending troops in to reopen the road.

The Polisario responded by declaring the UN-backed ceasefire null and void, and the two sides have traded fire intermittently since.

The Western Sahara is the biggest bone of contention between Rabat and Algiers, which last month broke ties with its neighbour citing "hostile actions" -- a claim dismissed by the kingdom.

Morocco controls 80 percent of the desert territory and has offered autonomy there, but insists it must retain sovereignty.

That position was endorsed by the US administration of Donald Trump in the final months of his presidency, in exchange for Rabat's normalisation of ties with Israel.

The sparsely-populated desert territory boasts significant phosphate resources and a long Atlantic coastline with access to rich fishing waters.

Morocco's military has around 310,000 active personnel and 150,000 reservists, according to specialist website Global Firepower.

It cooperates closely with the US under a treaty that in 2020 was extended for another decade.

In June, the kingdom hosted African Lion, a vast US-led annual exercise.

France said Thursday its troops deployed in the Sahel region of Africa had killed the head of Islamic State in the Greater Sahara (ISGS) extremist group who was wanted for deadly attacks on US soldiers and foreign aid workers.

Adnan Abu Walid al-Sahrawi formed ISGS in 2015 after splitting with Al-Qaeda linked jihadists and pledging allegiance to the Islamic State (IS) group, which at that time controlled swathes of Iraq and Syria.

Sahrawi was "neutralised by French forces," President Emmanuel Macron tweeted early Thursday.

"This is another major success in our fight against terrorist groups in the Sahel," Macron said.

Defence Minister Florence Parly said Sahrawi died following a strike by France's Barkhane force, which battles jihadists across the arid expanses in the Sahel region of Western Africa.

"It is a decisive blow against this terrorist group," she tweeted.

"The attack was carried out a few weeks ago, and today we are certain that it was the Number One of ISGS," Parly told RFI radio later Thursday, without identifying where Sahrawi was killed.

Sahrawi was "the one we were looking for, since he was the uncontested, authoritarian leader with no rival" within the jihadist group, she said.

"When you take out a key link in the chain, you disrupt and weaken these terrorist groups," she said, adding that the second- and third-in-command of ISGS had been "neutralised" over the spring and summer.

- String of killings -

Sahrawi was behind the killing of French aid workers in 2020 and was also wanted by the United States over a deadly 2017 attack on US troops in Niger.

The group is also blamed for most of the jihadist attacks in Mali, Niger and Burkina Faso.

The flashpoint "tri-border" area is frequently targeted by ISGS and the Al-Qaeda-affiliated Group for the Support of Islam and Muslims (GSIM) with deadly attacks against civilians and soldiers.

The United States had offered a $5 million reward for information on the whereabouts of Sahrawi, who was wanted over an October 4, 2017, attack in Niger that killed four US Special Forces and four Niger soldiers.

On August 9, 2020, in Niger, the ISGS head personally ordered the killing of six French aid workers and their Niger guides and drivers.

In late 2019, the group carried out a series of large-scale attacks against military bases in Mali and Niger.

A former member of Western Sahara's Polisario Front independence movement, Sahrawi joined Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) and had also co-led Mujao, a Malian Islamist group responsible for kidnapping Spanish aid workers in Algeria and a group of Algerian diplomats in Mali in 2012.

The French military has killed several high-ranking members of ISGS under its strategy of targeting jihadist leaders since the start of its military intervention in Mali in 2013.

In June this year, Macron announced a major scaleback in France's anti-jihadist Barkhane force in the Sahel after more than eight years of military presence in the vast region to refocus on counter-terrorism operations and supporting local forces.

"The nation is thinking this evening of all its heroes who died for France in the Sahel in the Serval and Barkhane operations, of the bereaved families, of all its wounded," Macron added in another tweet after Sahrawi was killed.

"Their sacrifice is not in vain. With our African, European and American partners, we will continue this fight."

- 'Take back control' -

The north of Mali fell under jihadist control in 2012 until they were pushed out of the cities by France's military intervention in 2013.

But Mali, an impoverished and landlocked nation home to at least 20 ethnic groups, continues to battle jihadist attacks and intercommunal violence, which often spills over to neighbouring countries.

French Foreign Minister Jean-Yves Le Drian reiterated Thursday the need for local governments to step up efforts to wrest back control of vast swathes of the Sahel from the insurgents.

"It's particularly important, especially in Niger, that state actors quickly take back control of territories abandoned to the Islamic State and recover its role, so that daily life can resume with essential services," he told France Info radio.


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