- Osirak raid -

On June 7, 1981, Israeli fighters bombed the Iraqi nuclear reactor at Osirak, or Tammuz for Iraqis, located west of Baghdad. A French technician was killed in the raid.

The Israeli planes operated 2,000 kilometres (1,250 miles) from their base near Eilat on the Red Sea.

According to Israeli media, the planes were able to go unnoticed by flying at low altitude above the Saudi and Iraqi deserts.

Tammuz was believed to be key to an Iraqi nuclear bomb programme. The first Israeli bomb dropped weighed 900 kg (almost 2,000 pounds).

The Israeli attack drew widespread international condemnation, including by the US and in the UN Security Council.

In 2007, Israeli television broadcast for the first time images shot by Israeli aviation during the raid.

The prime minister at the time, Menachem Begin, said Osirak was on the point of becoming operational, which would have enabled Saddam Hussein's Iraq to produce atomic bombs.

- Iranian scientists targeted -

In January 2010, Massoud Ali Mohammadi, a particle physics professor at Tehran University, was killed when a booby-trapped motorcycle exploded outside his home in the capital.

The respected professor taught at Tehran University but also worked for Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.

Several leaders and official media in Iran quickly blamed the attack on Israeli and US intelligence services.

Tehran had earlier the same year accused the US and Israel of kidnapping nuclear scientist Shahram Amiri who disappeared in May 2009.

In November 2010, two scientists with key roles in the Iranian nuclear programme were targeted in Tehran by two bomb attacks that Iran blamed on Israel and the US. One of the scientists, Majid Shahriari, was killed.

A year later, on November 12, an explosion in a munitions depot of the Revolutionary Guard in a Tehran suburb killed at least 36 people including General Hassan Moghadam, in charge of weapons programmes for the elite unit.

According to the Los Angeles Times, the US and Israel had led the operation against the Iranian nuclear programme.

- Cyberattacks -

In 2010, a powerful computer virus called Stuxnet attacked Iran's nuclear facilities in a bid to set back the country's atomic programme.

Stuxnet affected the functioning of Iranian nuclear sites, infecting several thousands of computers and blocking centrifuges used for the enrichment of uranium.

Tehran accused Israel and the US of being at the origin of the computer viruses Stuxnet and Flame.

In Syria, Israel has sought to avoid direct involvement in the civil war that broke out in 2011, but it acknowledges carrying out dozens of air strikes there to stop what it says are advanced arms deliveries to Lebanese Shiite group Hezbollah.