In a statement, Taiwan's defence ministry condemned the "irrational and provocative behaviour" and said it had "dispatched appropriate forces to respond accordingly to protect freedom and democracy, and defend the sovereignty" of Taiwan.

"In the face of enemy threats, all officers and soldiers of the country are in full readiness," the ministry said in a statement.

"We are determined and confident to ensure national defence security."

China's defence ministry said Monday it had sent planes and ships around Taiwan as part of military exercises, dubbed Joint Sword-2024B, to "test the joint operations capabilities of the theater command's troops".

Taiwan said Sunday it had detected a Chinese aircraft carrier group to its south in the Bashi Channel, a waterway that separates the island from the Philippines, and was "likely to proceed into the western Pacific".

It comes days after US State Secretary Antony Blinken warned China against taking action in response to a speech by Taiwanese President Lai Ching-te during the island's National Day celebrations.

Lai, who took office in May, has been more outspoken than his predecessor Tsai Ing-wen in defending Taiwan's sovereignty, angering Beijing, which calls him a "separatist".

In his speech on Thursday, Lai vowed to "resist annexation" of the island, and insisted Beijing and Taipei were "not subordinate to each other".

China warned after the speech that Lai's "provocations" would result in "disaster" for the people of Taiwan.