"We have serious doubts about a number of elements in the charter of the Board of Peace related to its scope, its governance and its compatibility with the UN Charter," the European Council president said after an EU leaders' summit in Brussels.
"We are ready to work together with the US on the implementation of the comprehensive Peace Plan for Gaza, with a Board of Peace carrying out its mission as a transitional administration".
The founding charter of Trump's body for resolving international conflicts has a $1 billion price tag for permanent membership.
Although originally meant to oversee Gaza's rebuilding, the board's charter does not seem to limit its role to the Palestinian territory and appears to want to rival the United Nations.
Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez told reporters after the summit that his country had "declined" the invitation to participate in the body.
Trump unveiled the new Board of Peace at the World Economic Forum in the Swiss ski resort of Davos Thursday, joined on stage by leaders and officials from 19 countries to sign its founding charter.
Key US allies including France and Britain have expressed doubts.
London expressed concerns about the inclusion of Russian President Vladimir Putin, whose forces are fighting in Ukraine after invading in 2022.
France said the charter as it currently stood was "incompatible" with its international commitments, especially its UN membership.
'Vigilant' Europe eyes next Trump shock after Greenland climbdown
Brussels, Belgium (AFP) Jan 23, 2026 -
One crisis defused, how long until the next one? European leaders huddled for summit talks Thursday exuding relief at Donald Trump's climbdown on Greenland -- but already steeling themselves for the next jolt from the mercurial US leader.
Trump's threats over the vast Arctic island -- an autonomous territory of NATO member Denmark -- plunged relations between Europe and its key ally Washington to a historic low.
While the immediate danger appeared to recede after Trump struck a "framework" agreement with NATO chief Mark Rutte, the bloc maintained a meeting called to address the crisis -- and how to handle the US leader going forward.
It was still unclear what exactly prompted Trump's U-turn, but French President Emmanuel Macron insisted a push to unleash the European Union's trade arsenal against the United States played a part -- and said Europe remains "extremely vigilant".
Addressing a news conference after the summit, European Council chief Antonio Costa vowed the bloc "will continue to stand up for its interests" and defend itself "against any form of coercion."
"It has the power and the tools to do so, and will do so if and when necessary."
- Details scarce -
Trump backed down Wednesday night both on threatening to seize Greenland by force and on imposing tariffs against European allies, touting a "framework" agreement that would give Washington "everything we wanted".
Costa described the about-turn on tariffs as "positive" and called for the trade deal agreed with Washington last summer -- which senior European lawmakers had vowed to block in response to US threats -- to be fully rolled out.
"The goal remains the effective stabilisation of the trade relations between the European Union and the US," Costa said, summing up what EU leaders concluded during the evening talks.
NATO's Rutte appeared to have pulled off a diplomatic coup by talking Trump down from his demands -- but swirling questions remained about their purported deal, and what might follow.
Details remain scant, with Greenland's Prime Minister Jens-Frederik Nielsen saying he did not know what had been agreed.
But a source familiar with the talks told AFP the United States and Denmark would renegotiate a 1951 defence pact on Greenland.
In Brussels, Danish Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen told reporters the matter of Denmark's sovereignty was off the table, but that Copenhagen was open to discussing the pact with the United States.
She also said NATO states backed having a "permanent presence" in the Arctic, including around Greenland.
The Danish leader -- who has maintained close contact with Rutte -- was to meet the NATO chief for a debrief Friday morning in Brussels.
- 'A tweet away' -
Europe has struggled to set red lines as its once-close American ally has turned hostile under Trump -- to the point of threatening its sovereignty.
"You know we're only a tweet away from the next crisis," summed up one EU diplomat.
Greenland is only part of the picture, as Trump wages a broader attack on the EU's laws, politics and values, zig-zags on the Ukraine conflict, or pushes a self-styled "Board of Peace" after a year of tearing down global norms.
EU leaders had "serious doubts about a number of elements" of the latter initiative, including its scope, governance and compatibility with the UN Charter, Costa said.
Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk said the importance of preserving transatlantic ties was "absolutely obvious" for all Europeans.
"But what we need today in our politics is trust and respect among all partners, not domination, and for sure, not coercion," he said.
The continent is ramping up defence spending to break its security reliance on the United States -- but for now, it still needs US help to end the Ukraine war, and deter the looming Russian threat to its east.
With a transatlantic clash over Greenland at least temporarily defused, the EU's top diplomat Kaja Kallas said it was "important to focus back on where the problems really lie -- and this is the war in Ukraine."
But as leaders met in Brussels, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky aimed a brutal warning at the bloc, saying Trump "will not listen to this kind of Europe" unless it steps up to become "a truly global power."
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